> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://evarga.gitbook.io/sh-intro-to-algs/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://evarga.gitbook.io/sh-intro-to-algs/part-viii-appendix-mathematical-background.md).

# Part VIII - Appendix: Mathematical Background

- [A. Summations](https://evarga.gitbook.io/sh-intro-to-algs/part-viii-appendix-mathematical-background/appendix-a.md)
- [B. Sets, Etc.](https://evarga.gitbook.io/sh-intro-to-algs/part-viii-appendix-mathematical-background/appendix-b.md)
- [C. Counting and Probability](https://evarga.gitbook.io/sh-intro-to-algs/part-viii-appendix-mathematical-background/appendix-c.md)
- [D. Matrices](https://evarga.gitbook.io/sh-intro-to-algs/part-viii-appendix-mathematical-background/appendix-d.md)